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TYPE diskpart in --- SEARCH PROGRAM FILES IN WINDOWS
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select disk 1
clean
create partition primary
select partition 1
active
format fs=ntfs
assign


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DREAM WEAVER

Adobe Dreamweaver (formerly Macromedia Dreamweaver) is a proprietary web development application originally created by Macromedia. It is now developed by Adobe Systems, which acquired Macromedia in 2005.[1]
Dreamweaver is available for both Mac and Windows operating systems. Recent versions have incorporated support for web technologies such as CSS, JavaScript, and various server-side scripting languages and frameworks including ASP (ASP JavaScript, ASP VBScript, ASP.NET C#, ASP.NET VB), ColdFusion, Scriptlet, and PHP.[2]
Contents [hide]
1 Internationalization and localization
1.1 Language availability
1.2 Specific features for Arabic and Hebrew languages

2 Version history
3 Costs
3.1 Subscriptions
3.2 Upgrades
3.3 Full
4 See also
5 References
6 External links
[edit]Internationalization and localization

[edit]Language availability
Adobe Dreamweaver CS5 is available in the following languages: Brazilian Portuguese, Chinese Simplified, Chinese Traditional, Czech, Dutch, English, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Polish, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, and Turkish.[3]
[edit]Specific features for Arabic and Hebrew languages
The older Adobe Dreamweaver CS3 also features a Middle Eastern version that allows typing Arabic, Persian or Hebrew text (written from right to left) within the code view. Whether the text is fully Middle Eastern (written from right to left) or includes both English and Middle Eastern text (written left to right and right to left), it will be displayed properly.
[edit]Version history

Provider Major version Minor update/alternative name Release date Notes
Macromedia 1.0 1.0 December 1997 First version. Mac OS only.
1.2 March 1998 First Windows version.
2.0 2.0 December 1998
3.0 3.0 December 1999
UltraDev 1.0 June 1999
4.0 4.0 December 2000
UltraDev 4.0 December 2000
6.0 MX 29 May 2002
7.0 MX 2004 10 September 2003
8.0 8.0 13 September 2005 Last Macromedia version.
Adobe 9.0 CS3 16 April 2007 Replaces Adobe GoLive in Creative Suite.
10.0 CS4 23 September 2008
11.0 CS5 12 April 2010
11.5 CS5.5 12 April 2011 Supports HTML5
Color Legend
Red Old version, no longer supported
Yellow Old version, still supported
Green Current version
[edit]Costs

[edit]Subscriptions
Month-to-month - $29.00 per month
Yearly - $19.00 per month
[edit]Upgrades
Previously owned:
Dreamweaver CS5 - $119.00
Dreamweaver CS4 - $199.00
Dreamweaver CS3 - $199.00
Macromedia Dreamweaver 8 - $199.00
GoLive 9 - $199.00
GoLive CS2 - $199.00
GoLive CS - $199.00

HOW TO CREATE A BLOG

Nowadays the most effective way to share your thoughts and opinion is to create your own weblog a.k.a blog. But how to start your own blog? Fortunately, starting a blog site is an easy task.

You do not need to know anything about web development to start blogging: you can create and manage your blog site using some of the free blog tools that are available;
All you need to do is open a hosting account where you can have a blog application installed and activated. At SiteGround we offer FREE blog installation with our blog hosting package and you can start your site right away.
Advantages of using a ready-made blog tool
The blog application has many built-in functionalities such as posting articles, HTML editor, commenting, archive, menus, themes management, etc.
The most popular blog tools have a large supporting community. You will be able to find free themes for your blog and customize it the way you like.
Which blog application to use?
With the help of a blog application you needn't be a web designer or developer to share your thoughts with the world. In the following pages you will find brief instructions on how to build your own blog by using some of the most popular blog applications:

Learn how to create a blog with WordPress;
Learn how to build a community website with BuddyPress plugin for WP;
Find out how to create a blog with Drupal;
Find out more about the Pixelpost photo blog system;


Define: blog
There are different descriptions of that concept. According to most of the articles on the Internet 'blog' is short for 'weblog', a frequently updated publication of comments and thoughts on the web. Usually it is reflecting the views of the blog's creator. Blogs consist of text and images and are sorted by date. The newest information is on the top and there is an archive of the old one. People create blogs to share their thoughts with the world. A person writing in the journal is called a 'blogger'. Bloggers write about different topics: from the typical daily situations to the progress of some scientific researches. The readers also can leave comments and thus make the whole blog more interesting and useful.

History of the blog
Blogs are part of the World Wide Web since its creation. In the beginning they did not have a defined name, but their purpose was more or less the same as that of contemporary blogs. Here is a list of the first blogs:

Dawn of Internet: Tim Berners-Lee at CERN begins keeping a list of all new sites as they come online.
June 1993: NCSA's oldest archived 'What's New' list of sites.
June 1993: Netscape begins running it's 'What's New!' list of sites.
January 1994: Justin Hall launches Justin's Home Page which would become Links from the Underground.
April 1997: Dave Winer launches Scripting News.
December 1997: Jorn Barger coins the term 'weblog''.


How do I start?
To start your own blog site, you need to sign up for a blog hosting package. SiteGround has long experience hosting blog applications, such as WordPress. Our servers are perfectly optimized for blogs. We offer FREE blog installation and immediate activation of your blog hosting account.


For more information on how to create different type of websites, check our page on how to make a website with SiteGround Website Wizard.

GOOGLE ADSENSE

hat is AdSense?
Google.com earns most of its revenue by allowing other website owners to advertise on their search result pages. All this is managed through a program they call AdWords.

Now you can earn a share of the revenue that Google earns from AdWords by displaying these same text ads on your site. In other words, you're helping Google advertise and they pay you a percentage (roughly 60%) of what they earn.

This program is called AdSense.

Every website owner should at least consider the program. Even if your site is just for information purposes, you can still participate and make decent money with AdSense -- or at least enough to fund your website.

So if you are one of those people that doesn't like the idea of paying for a site, this is an excellent way to earn your money back and then some.

How AdSense Works
Don't like to read a lot of text? Watch my 4-minute video on how AdSense works.




How Much Can You Earn With AdSense?
The commission you receive per click depends on how much advertisers are paying Google for the particular ad. You will earn a share of that amount. I've heard of earnings anywhere from 2 cents to $15 per click.

So it is logical to believe that keyword phrases like debt free, employment, make money, mp3, sex, etc. may earn you more per click since these are highly competitive keywords that are searched for quite a bit on the web.

Advertisers generally pay more for popular terms because they are searched for more.

Even though Google will not reveal how much you are earning for each ad that is clicked from your site, you can still login to your account at any time and see the total amount of revenue you've generated that day, week, month, year, etc.

For example, if you see that you've made $12.60 today from 9 clicks then you can calculate that your average click-thru commission was $1.40 per click. That's as detailed as their stats will get. Also remember, that's only an average. You won't know how much each specific ad brought in.

The amount you'll earn also depends largely on the amount of targeted traffic you receive to your own site, how well the ads match your audience's interests, the placement of the ads on your pages, and of course the amount you receive per click.

Ideally, you should create a site on a topic you know a lot about. That way you'll have a much easier time creating a generous amount of content on that subject.

My Google AdSense Earnings
I have been receiving monthly checks from Google since 2003, and I've read numerous success stories of websites earning 5 digit incomes per month with AdSense.

Now, I will admit, a 5-digit commission in a single month is probably not the norm for most participants.

I promote AdSense on 6 of my websites (2 blogs, a forum and 4 static sites) and my monthly checks are usually around the $7,000 mark.

My sites have been around for a long time and I have a great deal of traffic so that's a big reason why I earn so much. I promote my sites on social media, create YouTube videos etc. Making a lot of money with AdSense is all about numbers. The more traffic you have, the greater the earning potential.

My checks weren't always this large. I think my first month's earnings in 2003 totaled less than $20. However, as my traffic increased, so did my checks.

AdSense is NOT an overnight get-rich-quick opportunity. Even though this may look easy, please don't underestimate the amount of time I've put into my sites and how much content I've written over many, many years.

My total traffic combined across all my sites is over 30,000 visitors per day. It takes a lot of traffic and time to build up your earnings. This is not a game, people! It's hard work.

Watch Video About My Record AdSense Month in July, 2009


Update: Sept. 2011: For the record, my earnings are still very strong today and I have beat the record in the video above. See this post I wrote about my AdSense earnings breakdown for August 2011.

Creating Your Website for AdSense
Before you even begin your site, make sure you've come up with a topic that you feel you know plenty about. That way it will be easiest to write a lot of content.

The more content you have, the better chance you have getting accepted into the program. Also, the more content, the greater the earning potential. AdSense is nothing but a numbers game. If you want to make a lot of money, prepare to write a lot of content and learn how to market your site.

Now let's talk about building your website. There are two ways you can approach this:

1) Do it Yourself (DIY) from scratch

2) Use Site Build It! (SBI!)

The Do It Yourself Method
I've actually used both methods for building my site and there are advantages and disadvantages to both.

If you use the DIY method, you will have to go and register a domain name (yoursite.com) and then sign up for a web host and build your pages.

Decide if you want a static website like this or a blog. If you don't know the difference, this article will help you out.

Averaging between $3 and $10 per month, the DIY method is usually the most cost friendly of the two but you are mostly on your own in terms of learning how to create your web pages and adding the AdSense code to your site.

Web hosts are generally there to house your site. They don't specialize in helping you market and optimize your site for the search engines to help you get traffic. So don't expect a lot from them in terms of helping you market your site and making money with Google AdSense.

This is not necessarily a bad thing. I had to learn how to build this site on my own and it wasn't very difficult.

I now manage all of my static sites with Dreamweaver. My blogs use WordPress.

Use Site Build It! - A Web Host Made for AdSense
This is a revolutionary web host like no other. I use it for my site, flat-stomach-exercises.com, and after only 11 months the site was earning over $700 per month for AdSense alone.

Two years after launch, the total monthly earnings shot up to $2,000 to $2,500.

Today, the site continues to earn money from AdSense yet I have no products to sell. I'm simply offering information on a topic I know a lot about and SBI showed me how to rank high in the search engines for various keyword phrases. Over 90% of traffic comes from the free search engines.

The reason SBI! is different from the other do-it-yourself hosts is that first it provides all the web page building and marketing help all in one place. Your domain registration, web hosting and marketing help come with the price..

Find out why I think SBI! is best for AdSense.

How to Join AdSense
Once you have 10-15 pages on your site, go to http://adsense.google.com to apply.

When you are accepted, simply copy and paste the provided HTML code into any page that you'd like to show the ads. If you've done a good job of defining the content on your web pages, the ads that show should be relevant to the content of your page...increasing the chances of click-thrus by your visitors.

You can either display the ads vertically along side the page like Google does or in a banner-like formation horizontally across your pages. The placement is up to you. You can even customize the colors to match your site's theme.

Tips on Succeeding With AdSense
Here are some tips for achieving success with Google AdSense.

1. Build Traffic

AdSense is all about targeted traffic. The more people you have on your site that are actually interested in what you have to offer, the more you will potentially make.

Learn more about traffic building here.

2. Experiment

Test ad sizes, images vs. text, play around with colors, ad unit sizes, you name it. I personally like to have my ads match the background of my site so they blend more.

Read a blog post I wrote where my readers and I discuss our best performing ad units/sizes.

3. Avoid Free Hosts

I know times are tough economically and a lot of you don't want to pay for a website. But the facts don't lie. Successful website owners invest money. Period.

I have yet to open up a magazine and see a successful site featured hosted on Blogger.com or another free host. Never. And I've been out here since 1998.

If you want the search engines and people to take your site seriously, you have to own your site. And if you don't do this, I question your dedication.

Even if it means you have to wait and save your money for 6 months to buy a domain and hosting. I'd rather you do that then take shortcuts with free hosting.

I cannot tell you how many e-mails I receive monthly from people who regret the decision to start off free. Once they realize the limitations, they decide to move to a paid host and are left with the intimidating task of moving all their files over. Don't put yourself in that situation.

4. More Tips

Watch the video below to discover more ways to increase your AdSense earnings.



Just remember, success with AdSense is all about how well you bring in targeted visitors to your website.

Consider Creating a Niche Website
One of the keys to succeeding with AdSense is to build a niche website that targets a narrowly defined topic. This is the way I've been profiting with AdSense since 2003.

LENOVO WIRE LESS KEYBOARD

Lenovo’s Mini Wireless Keyboard N5901 crams a keyboard and mouse into a svelte shell, offering a compact way to improve your home theater PC experience.

Priced at $60 (as of June 23, 2010), the N5901 is fairly attractive. The black and orange motif is simple and elegant, though the glossy finish is prone to picking up fingerprints. Despite being lightweight, it feels solid and should hold up well in even the most chaotic of living rooms. Power comes from a pair of AAA batteries; they didn’t run down during my testing, but the lack of a battery indicator means that you should probably keep a few spares handy.

The device communicates with your PC by way of a tiny USB dongle. In my use, it had excellent range: I wandered into other rooms, at distances up to the 32-foot that Lenovo claims, without breaking connectivity.

Plenty of wireless devices tout their plug-and-play functionality, but I was pleasantly surprised at how readily a range of test devices detected the N5901. It connected to desktops running Windows 7, Vista, and XP without a hitch. And after a moment of confusion when I attempted to use the N5901 on aMacBook Pro (OSX isn’t officially supported), I was up and running with it as well.

Most keyboards this small tend to be a bit painful to operate; but even for my oversized mitts, typing on the N5901 wasn’t too much of a chore (physical mobile phone keyboards are smaller). Though touch-typing is impractical on it, the keyboard–with its raised keys of uniform size–was wide enough to keep my hands from cramping, Still, it clearly isn’t intended for chores more involved than search queries and occasional e-mail messages.

The N5901 is equally comfortable to hold with one hand (while scrolling about) or with two (for thumb-typing), but Lenovo’s decision to replicate a full-size keyboard actually works against the device. The Menu key, for instance, or the pair of Control and Shift keys are handy when you’re rattling out prose on a full-size keyboard, but they are a waste of space on something this compact.

The keyboard’s lack of a shortcut to Windows Media Center is a glaring oversight in a device that’s supposed to simplify the user’s living-room PC experience. Instead, it offers a key whose sole function is to fire up the My Computer window. And since the device lacks any sort of software, you’ll have to use a third-party utility to reprogram that button to perform something. The N5901 does offer volume and playback controls, which continued to function properly even when I tested them on OSX.

The N5901′s mousing features are fairly serviceable. The trackball rolls smoothly, though it’s rather noisy–and when you’re planted on the couch in the dead of night, the incessant warble of plastic on metal will quickly start to grate on your nerves. The left and right mouse buttons are flush with the keyboard’s body, and click satisfyingly. Navigating can be a bit of a chore, however. Simple acts such as clicking on a link become a two-step operation: First you scroll with the trackball; then you move your thumb onto the appropriate mouse button. Common tasks like scrolling through a Web page or dragging a window require both hands, diminishing the device’s overall ease of use.

Lenovo’s N5901 is a lesson in compromise. You don’t get the usability of a standard wireless keyboard and mouse–but good luck getting comfortable with that ensemble while you’re splayed out on the couch. The N5901′s keyboard could stand to become a bit more streamlined, and most of my gripes with the mouse would vanish if Lenovo replaced the trackball with a trackpad. Still, for a device whose purpose is to help couch potatoes navigate their media, it does a reasonably good job.

KEY FOR ADOBE AFTER EFFECTS

1325-1673-0258-7389-4387-6191

1325-1086-9148-6025-9105-8874

1064-1977-3588-8980-3804-3835

1023-1382-7894-3070-9114-2550

1023-1681-3962-8243-7555-0825

HOW TO SECURE GMAIL ACCOUNT

SECURE GMAIL ACCOUNT:

Your Gmail password is long and silly, difficult to guess; your every computer is protected from malware and key-loggers that could snoop on your typing that password as you log on to Gmail. Still, more protection is better and two codes better than one — especially if one can only come through your phone, right?
With two-step verification, you can set up Gmail to require a special code for login in addition to your password. The code comes through your phone and is valid for 30 seconds.

Secure Your Gmail Account with a Password and Your Phone

To have Gmail ask you for a remembered password and a code sent to your mobile phone to log in for enhanced security:

Click the gear in the top Gmail navigation bar.
Select Account settings from the menu that comes up.
If you do not see a gear,
follow the Settings link,
go to the Accounts and Import tab and
click Other Google Account settings.
Now click Using 2-step verification under Security.
If prompted, enter your Gmail password under Password: and click Sign in.
Click Set up 2-step verification.
If you use an Android, BlackBerry or iOS device:
Select your phone under Select a phone:.
Install the Google Authenticator app on your phone.
Open the Google Authenticator app.
Select + in the application.
Select Scan Barcode.
Click Next » in your browser.
Focus the QR code on the web page with the phone's camera.
Click Next » in your browser again.
Enter the code that appeared in the Google Authenticator app for the email address you just added under Code:.
Click Verify.
If you use any other phone:
Select Other — Use another phone under Select a phone:.
Enter your phone number under Add a mobile or landline phone number where Google can send codes..
Choose SMS text message if your phone can receive SMS messages or Automated voice message to have authentication codes read to you.
Click Send code.
Type the numerical Google verification code you received under Code:.
Click Verify.
Click Next » again.
Click Next » once more.
Now click Print codes to print offline verification codes that you can use to log in to your Gmail account when your phone is misplaced; keep the codes separately from the phone.
Make sure Yes, I have a copy of my backup verification codes. is checked after you have written down or printed the offline verification codes.
Click Next ».
Enter a backup phone number — a landline, for example, or a family member or friend's phone — under You can have codes sent to your backup phone number if your primary phone is unavailable, lost, or stolen..
Pick SMS text message if the phone can receive SMS messages or Automated voice message.
If your backup phone and friend are handy, use (Optional) Test the phone to send an authentication code to it.
Click Next ».
If you have add-ons and applications access your Gmail account:
Click Next ».
Now click Turn on 2-step verification.
Click OK under You are turning on 2-step verification for this account..
Enter your Gmail address under Email:.
Type your Gmail password under Password:.
Click Sign in.
Enter the verification code received under Enter code:.
Optionally, select Remember verification for this computer for 30 days., which will not have Gmail request new phone verification for a month.
Click Verify.
If you have add-ons and applications access your Gmail account, you may have to set up specific passwords for them:
Click Create passwords.
Set up passwords for applications that do not work with enhanced 2-step verification (such as email programs that access your Gmail account using POP or IMAP).
Disable Two-Step Gmail Verification

To turn off enhanced two-step verification for your Gmail account:

Click the gear in the top Gmail navigation bar and choose Mail settings or follow the Settings link in Gmail.
Go to the Accounts and Import tab and
Click Other Google Account settings.
Now click Using 2-step verification under Security.
If prompted, enter your Gmail password under Password: and click Sign in.
Click Turn off 2-step verification….
Now click OK.
Suggested Reading
How to Change Your Gmail Password
How to Set Up, Check and Change Your Secondary Gmail Email Address
How to Recover a Forgotten Gmail Password
More Tips
Gmail Tips
Most Popular Email Tips
All Email Tips
This tip is known to work with
Gmail
Gmail Tips, Tricks and Secrets
Your Weekly Gmail Tip
Most Popular Gmail Tips, Tricks and Tutorials
What's Your Favorite Gmail Tip? - About Email
Attachment Types Supported for Viewing as HTML in Gmail

GOOGLE ADSENSE

GOOGLE ADSENSE

Google AdWords is Google's main advertising product and main source of revenue. Google's total advertising revenues were USD$28 billion in 2010.[2] AdWords offers pay-per-click (PPC) advertising, cost-per-thousand (CPM) advertising, and site-targeted advertising for text, banner, and rich-media ads. The AdWords program includes local, national, and international distribution. Google's text advertisements are short, consisting of one headline consisting of 25 characters and two additional text lines consisting of 35 characters each. Image ads can be one of several different Interactive Advertising Bureau (IAB) standard sizes.

Sales and Support for Google's AdWords division is based in Mountain View, California, with major secondary offices in Ann Arbor, Michigan,[3] the company's third-largest US facility behind its Mountain View, California, headquarters and New York City office.[4] Engineering for AdWords is based in Mountain View, California.

Contents  [hide] 

1 Pay-per-click advertisements (PPC)

2 AdWords features

3 Placement-targeted advertisements (formerly Site-Targeted Advertisements)

4 AdWords distribution

5 AdWords account management

6 Google Click-to-Call

7 History

8 Legal context

9 Technology

10 Ad content restrictions

10.1 Allowed keywords

11 See also

12 References

13 External links

[edit]Pay-per-click advertisements (PPC)

Advertisers select the words that should trigger their ads and the maximum amount they will pay per click. When a user searches on Google, ads (also known as "creatives" within Google) for relevant words appear as "sponsored links" on the right side of the screen, and sometimes above the main search results. Click-through rates (CTR) for the ads are about 8% for the first ad, 5% for the second one, and 2.5% for the third one. Search results can return from 0 to 12 ads.[5]

The ordering of the paid-for listings depends on other advertisers' bids (PPC) and the Quality Score of all ads shown for a given search. The search-engine system calculates the quality score on the basis of historical click-through rates, relevance of an advertiser's ad text and keywords, an advertiser's account history, and other relevance factors as determined by Google. The quality score is also used by Google to set the minimum bids for an advertiser's keywords.[6] The minimum bid takes into consideration the quality of the landing page as well, which includes the relevancy and originality of content, navigability, and transparency into the nature of the business.[7] Though Google has released a list of full guidelines for sites,[8] the precise formula and meaning of relevance and its definition is in part secret to Google and the parameters used can change dynamically.

The auction mechanism that determines the order of the ads is a generalized second-price auction.[9][10] This is claimed to have the property that the participants do not necessarily fare best when they truthfully reveal any private information asked for by the auction mechanism (in this case, the value of the keyword to them, in the form of a "truthful" bid).

[edit]AdWords features

IP address exclusion

In addition to controlling ad placements through methods such as location and language targeting, ad targeting can be refined with Internet Protocol (IP) address exclusion. This feature enables advertisers to specify IP address ranges where they don't want their ads to appear.

Up to 100 IP addresses, or ranges of addresses, can be excluded per campaign. All ads in the campaign are prevented from showing for users with the IP addresses specified.

Location-based exclusion is also offered as a method of narrowing targeted users.[11]

Frequency capping

Frequency capping limits the number of times ads appear to the same unique user on the Google Content Network. It doesn't apply to the Search Network. If frequency capping is enabled for a campaign, a limit must be specified as to the number of impressions allowed per day, week, or month for an individual user. The cap can be configured to apply to each ad, ad group, or campaign.[12]

[edit]Placement-targeted advertisements (formerly Site-Targeted Advertisements)

In 2003 Google introduced site-targeted advertising. Using the AdWords control panel, advertisers can enter keywords, domain names, topics, and demographic targeting preferences, and Google places the ads on what they see as relevant sites within their content network. If domain names are targeted, Google also provides a list of related sites for placement. Advertisers may bid on a cost-per-impression (CPM) or cost-per-click (CPC) basis for site targeting.[13]

With placement targeting, it is possible for an ad to take up the entire ad block rather than have the ad block split into 2 to 4 ads, resulting in higher visibility for the advertiser.

The minimum cost-per-thousand impressions bid for placement-targeted campaigns is 25 cents. There is no minimum CPC bid, however.

[edit]AdWords distribution

All AdWords ads are eligible to be shown on www.google.com. Advertisers also have the option of enabling their ads to show on Google's partner networks. The "search network" includes AOL search, Ask.com, and Netscape. Like www.google.com, these search engines show AdWords ads in response to user searches, but do not affect quality score.

The "Google Display Network" (formerly referred to as the "content network") shows AdWords ads on sites that are not search engines. These content network sites are those that use AdSense and DoubleClick, the other side of the Google advertising model. AdSense is used by website owners who wish to make money by displaying ads on their websites. Click through rates on the display network are typically much lower than those on the search network and are therefore ignored when calculating an advertiser's quality score.

Google automatically determines the subject of pages and displays relevant ads based on the advertisers' keyword lists. AdSense publishers may select channels to help direct Google's ad placements on their pages, to increase performance of their ad units. There are many different types of ads that can run across Google's network, including text ads, image ads (banner ads), mobile text ads, and in-page video ads.

Google AdWords' main competitors are Yahoo! Search Marketing and Microsoft adCenter.

In 2010, Yahoo formed a partnership with Microsoft, giving Microsoft the control over powering the Yahoo search marketing ads. Both accounts are now run through Microsoft AdCenter. When ads are displayed on Yahoo now, it is powered by Microsoft AdCenter and is run through the Microsoft software interface.

[edit]AdWords account management

To help clients with the complexity of building and managing AdWords accounts search engine marketing agencies and consultants offer account management as a business service. This has allowed organizations without advertising expertise to reach a global, online audience. Google has started the Google Advertising Professionals program to certify agencies and consultants who have met specific qualifications and passed an exam.[14] Google also provides account management software, called AdWords Editor.

Correct choice of keywords is very important because the targeting of ads by Google is totally dependent upon the keyword selection. Keyword choice is also a very large factor in determining the level of exposure the Google ad receives, and to a large extent, who sees the ad.

Another useful feature is the My Client Center available to Google Professionals (even if not yet passed the exam or budget parameters) whereby a Google professional has access and a dashboard summary of several accounts and can move between those accounts without logging in to each account.

The Google Adwords Keyword Tool provides a list of related keywords for a specific website or keyword.[15]

[edit]Google Click-to-Call

Google Click-to-Call was a service provided by Google which allows users to call advertisers from Google search results pages. Users enter their phone number, Google calls them back and connects to the advertiser. Calling charges are paid by Google. It was discontinued in 2007.[16] For some time similar click-to-call functionality was available for results in Google Maps. In the Froyo release of Google's Android operating system, in certain advertisements, there is a very similar functionality, where a user can easily call an advertiser.

[edit]History

This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (January 2011)

The original idea was invented by Bill Gross of Idealab who, in turn, borrowed the idea from the model of the Yellow Pages. Google wanted to buy the idea but a deal could not be reached.[citation needed] Not wanting to give up on this form of advertisement, the company launched its own solution, AdWords in 2000.[17] AdWords followed a model that was significantly similar to Bill Gross' creation which led to legal action between the two parties. Eventually the dispute was settled out of court.[citation needed]

At first AdWords advertisers would pay a monthly amount, and Google would then set up and manage their campaign. To accommodate small businesses and those who wanted to manage their own campaigns, Google soon introduced the AdWords self-service portal. Starting in 2005 Google provided a campaign management service called Jumpstart[18]. Google's Jumpstart program offers free telephone support from a Google specialist to help users start their online advertising campaign.[19]

In 2005, Google launched the Google Advertising Professional (GAP) Program to certify individuals and companies who completed AdWords training and passed an exam. Due to the complexity of AdWords and the amount of money at stake, some advertisers hire a consultant to manage their campaigns.

In 2008, Google launched the Google Online Marketing Challenge (http://www.google.com/onlinechallenge/), an in-class academic exercise for tertiary students.[20] Over 8,000 students from 47 countries participated in the 2008 Challenge, over 10,000 students from 58 countries took part in 2009, about 12,000 students in 2010 and almost 15,000 students from 70 countries in 2011. The Challenge runs annually, roughly from January to June. Registration is at the instructor rather than student level.

In 2009, Google revised the AdWords interface, introduced Local Business Ads for Google Maps and Video Ads.

[edit]Legal context

AdWords has generated lawsuits in the area of trademark law (see Google, Inc. v. Am. Blind & Wallpaper Factory and Rescuecom Corp. v. Google Inc.), fraud (see Goddard v. Google, Inc.), and click fraud. In 2006, Google settled a click fraud lawsuit for US$90 million.[21]

Overture Services, Inc. sued Google for patent infringement in April 2002 in relation to the AdWords service. Following Yahoo!'s acquisition of Overture, the suit was settled in 2004 with Google agreeing to issue 2.7 million shares of common stock to Yahoo! in exchange for a perpetual license under the patent.[22]

[edit]Technology

The AdWords system was initially implemented on top of the MySQL database engine. After the system had been launched, management decided to use Oracle instead. The system became much slower, so eventually it was returned to MySQL [3]. The interface has also been revamped to offer better work flow with additional new features, such as Spreadsheet Editing, Search Query Reports, and better conversion metrics.

[edit]Ad content restrictions

As of April 2008 Google AdWords no longer allows for the display URL to deviate from that of the destination URL. Prior to its introduction, Google paid advertisements could feature different landing page URLs to that of what was being displayed on the search network. Google expounds that the policy change stems from both user and advertiser feedback. The concern prompting the restriction change is believed to be the premise on which users clicked advertisements. Users were in some cases, being misled and further targeted by AdWords advertisers.[23]

As of December 2010 Google AdWords has decreased its restrictions over sales of Hard Alcohol.[24] It now allows ads that promote the sale of hard alcohol and liquor. This is an extension of a policy change that was made in December 2008, which permitted ads that promote the branding of hard alcohol and liquor.

[edit]Allowed keywords

Google has also come under fire for allowing AdWords advertisers to bid on trademarked keywords.[25] In 2004, Google started allowing advertisers to bid on a wide variety of search terms in the US and Canada, including the trademarks of their competitors[26] and in May 2008 expanded this policy to the UK and Ireland. Advertisers are restricted from using other companies' trademarks in their advertisement text if the trademark has been registered with Advertising Legal Support team. Google does, however, require certification to run regulated keywords, such as those related to pharmaceuticals keywords, and some keywords, such as those related to hacking, are not allowed at all. These restrictions may vary by location.[27] From June 2007, Google banned AdWords adverts for student essay writing services, a move which was welcomed by universities.[28]

Google has other restrictions, for example the advertising of a book related to Facebook was restricted from advertising on AdWords because it contained the word "Facebook" in its title — the rationale being that it was prohibited from advertising a book which used a trademarked name in its title.[29]